Linux如何搭建LNMP环境
非凡云为大家分享Linux何如搭建LNMP环境（Linux、Nginx、MariaDB、PHP），示例为CentOS7
一、安装Nginx
1.创建nginx.repo文件，用于配置nginx的YUM仓库源
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
并插入以下内容：
[nginx]
name = nginx repo
baseurl = https://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck = 0
enabled = 1
2.安装nginx
yum install -y nginx
3.编辑default.conf文件，它包含了Nginx服务器的基本配置指令，用于定义Nginx如何处理进入服务器的请求。将所有内容替换为如下内容，用于取消对IPv6地址的监听，同时配置 Nginx，实现与PHP的联动
server {
listen 80;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main;
#
location / {
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
#redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
#pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ .php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
4.启动Nginx
systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx
5.打开浏览器，输入您的云服务器公网IP地址查看nginx服务是否正常运行
二、安装数据库
1.检查系统中是否已安装Mariadb，示例为系统中已安装了Mariadb
rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb
2.移除已安装的Mariadb
yum -y remove mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
3.创建Mariadb.repo文件，用于配置MariaDB的YUM仓库源
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo
4.插入以下内容，添加MariaDB软件库
# MariaDB 10.4 CentOS repository list - created 2019-11-05 11:56 UTC
# http://downloads.mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/mariadb/yum/10.4/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
5.安装MariaDB
yum -y install MariaDB-client MariaDB-server
此步骤若遇到下图情况时，可能是YUM的缓存问题，可用命令yum clean all来清理缓存
6.启动Mariadb服务
systemctl start mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb
7.验证Mariadb安装是否成功，提示如下信息则证明安装成功
mysql
三、安装PHP
1.更新yum中的PHP软件源
yum install -y epel-release
rpm -Uvh https://mirrors.tencent.com/remi/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm
2.启动PHP8.0仓库
yum-config-manager --enable remi-php80
若出现以下情况则表示您的系统中没有安装yum-utils软件包，则须先使用命令yum install yum-utils来安装yum-utils软件包
3.安装PHP8.0所需的包
yum install -y php php-cli php-fpm php-mysqlnd php-zip php-devel php-gd php-mcrypt php-mbstring php-curl php-xml php-pear php-bcmath php-json
4.启动PHP-FPM服务
systemctl start php-fpm
systemctl enable php-fpm
四、验证环境
1.创建index.php文件用于测试
echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" >> /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php
2.重启Nginx服务
systemctl restart nginx
3.打开浏览器，输入您的云服务器公网IP地址，出现图示页面代表安装配置成功
